Device for regulating wind wheels



May 6, 1930. E. HESSE DEYICE FOR REGULATING WIND WHEELS Filed May is, 1928 4 n 1 ll-MM. z

Patented May 6, 1930 i ire STA res PATENT foFF lcE Enron HESSE, or InsrEn Und eE n ANY DEVICE FonnneULA'rInG wnvn WHEELS a i Application filed May is, 1928, Serial No.

This invention relates to a device for regulating the number of revolutions, as well as the performance, of wind-wheels by'turning and at the same time shifting the vanes upon their arms with the aid of curved guide members, the difierence between the centrifugal force arising in the vanes and a uniform-counter-force being used as the re-ad ustmg power. "The present lmproved devlce 1s d1s tinguished from the known devices for regui counteracting the centrifugal force arising in the vanes is transmitted to themechanism by means of a rack extending through the hol low'main shaft ofthe wind-wheel and being coupled, by the intermediary ofsuitable gearings, with a system of rods located in every vane and extendingin, and parallel to, the

axis passing through the centre of'gravity of the respective vane. Owing to this arrangement and combination of the parts the curved guide members taking part in effecting theturning of the vanes on said axis are loaded only with the slight re-a'djusting power required for producing that turning.

I am aware of the fact that it has already been proposed, with regulating devices for wind-mill vanes, to couple their shutter or shutters by means of rods and levers with cog-wheels carried by the vanes-holding rim and meshing with a cylindrical rack which is longitudinally movable and located in the hollow wind-wheel shaft. This arrangement and combination of parts has not,'however, a uniform ratio of transmission on account of the lever connection. Maintaining the ratio of transmission with turnable propeller vanes is known, the respective arrangement-being such that the shifting of a rack with, steep thread is used to shift another steep thread carrying the vane which is prevented" from shifting. The shifting of the rack is efi'ected inthis case either manually or by means of a utilized in, thatQknown device.

thereto I V and reverselv.

th like, the respective 278,305, anainer any May 21, 192?.

motor. The centrifugal force arising in the vaneswlnle they are rotating is, thus, not

The' invention is illustrated diagrammatically and by wayof example on theaccomjpanying drawing on which Figure 1 is an axialrsection through a two-vane wind-wheel,

one of the vanes being partly broken-away,

and igure 2 is a section located at right angles with respect to Fig. 1. r f o l On the'drawin 1 denotes the hollow main shaft of thewintgwheel, and 2 a hub secured 7 3 are two hollow arms holding the vanes i'which areturnable, as well as 'shiftable, upon these arms. The vanesare; of course, flat, and pins 6 projecting inwardly from the lar'ge faces of the-wings engage curved Slotsl5 provided in the arms 3 whereby the arms are turned when they are shifted,

'5 and 6 from the'centrifugal force arising when the vanes are rotating, crossed rods 7 couple each vane with a rod'8located axially 'inthearm 3 in such a manner that the vane 7 can turn upon the arm.

The, inner end of the rod Sis connected with two'parallel rods 10 by means of'a crosspiece 9; the inner halves of the rods 10 are transformed into racks located within the hollow hub 2, and these racks mesh with cogwheels 11, firmly connected with an axle 12 supported in the sides of aflat casing 13 connected with the correspondingly shaped hub.

There are two wheels 11, corresponding to the two racks'1'O, and both mesh with pinions lt firmly connected with an axle 15 also supported'in; said flat casing. A cog-wheel 16 located between said pinions and 'also secured to the ax1e;15 meshes with a rack rod 17 located in the bore of the hollow main shaft 1. This rack is subjected to a pull exerted in the direction of the'arrow either'bythe'tem sion of a spring/or by a weight or ;by an electromagnet, or, a-solenoid respectively, or

pull constituting a uniform ,countenforce.

"Owingto the provision of two racks 10 locatedbne at the left and: the other at the right of the rod'-8, thedriving'gear for each va e can be arra d symm r al y th re In order to relieve ,the parts H around the axis of the shaft 1',. of course-with it and the hub 2, as well as with the casing 13, with a speed that lies belowa certain predetermined limit, or a certain maximum speed respectively; the counter-force draws' the vanes radially inwards so that their. inner endscontact with the outer ends of'the hub, as

in the figures. If,liowever,that limit or maximumr speedc is surpassed, the centrifugal force becomes greater thanthe counter-force, in consequence whereof the vanes: move outwards along therarms 3:.whereby the curved slots 5 of theselatter act upon the pins.6 andcause thereby a corresponding turning of'the vanes upon the arms, the direction of this, turning being such that the pressure which;the wind has exerted upon the vanes is nowless than. before. Theresultof this is that the rotational speed becomes less, and the centrifugal force becomes smaller, also in -proportion: to. the counter-force, and the vanes. are.- nowdrawn inwards upon their arms bythe counter-force. until the forces balance one] another and equilibriumhas, therefore, been re-established. I

Itis obvious that the ultimate efiectof the device consists ina uniform number of revolut-ions and uniform performance. Equiliuhoflthe-wheel, and hollowa-rms projecting from. the: hub, Y vanfesglocat'ed libriumiexists only at a certain definite number of revolutions, irrespectlve of the .posi- Ition: ofthe. vanes upon their. arms.-

All operating partsof the regulation device are housed in the chamber formed by the hub. and. the. casing, I and' are, therefore. securely protected, V

1:. A device for regulating wind wheelsto obtaina. uniform; rotational speed, comprisin .in combination withthe-ma-in shaft, the

hiiblo'f the wheel, andhollow'arm'sprojecting radially forth fromthe hub, vanes located V .uponsaid, arms "and: being adapted to be shifted and simultaneously. therewithtobe turned thereon rods: located. in said hollow arms in theraxisvp'a's'sing throughthe point of gravity of each vane, arack at theinner end ofcieach o f tsaid arodgai gearing meshing; with ed andsimultaneously therewith to be turned thereon, rods located in said hollow arms in the axis passing through the point of gravity of each vane, two parallel racks at the end of each of said rods, gearings meshing with the racks ofeach of said rods, and a common central rack meshing with all said-gear-iiigs and sub ected" to the actlon'of a counter-force.

' 31A device for regulating wind-wheels to Obtain a uniform rotational speed comprislnga hub a pair of arms pro ecting from said hub a'rodaxially'provided 1n mounted on eachcarm-and secured-to the outer end ofthe rod; a rod slidably mounted in axial relation to the hub and-havinga gear rack at the inner endiandcounter-force means each arm and havlng a gear rack at the inner end a vane crease of the force of air .to maintain the wind-wheel-at a uniform speed.

4;. A device for regulatingwind wheelsto obtain a uniform rotational" speed 'compris inga hub a pair of arms proj ecting from said hub ;a rod axially provided in each arm and having'a gear rack at theinner end; vane mounted'oneach arm andisecured to the outer end-of the, rod; a rod slidably mounted' in axial relation, to thehub and havin'gza gear rack at the inner endand'counter-force means at the Iouter'endf; a plurality of" gear wheels in the hub meshing with the gear racks of the rods andpins and cooperating slot means on the arms andvanes adapted toturn the vanes at the increase or decrease of therfor'ce ofv the air when thejcentrifugal force of-the vanes, and the counterforce become unequal to. maintain thej wind wheel' at a. predeteri mined uni'form speed.

= In. testimony whereof I haveaffixed my signature.

' ERIGH', H ssE;

said rack, and a=commonccentral racklmesh mg: with all. Sflldi gearings Sub eCted to the act-ion -ofa 'c'ounter-force.-

2. A device for regulating w111d-.wheels;-to

obtain: a iuniform rotational speed, comprisiiig in combination.withthe main ishaft,-.the 

